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Helping Your Recent College Grad Become Self-Sufficient
As a parent, watching your child's transition from college to the real world is a time of pride, excitement and, understandably, a bit of anxiety.
One of the most significant challenges in this new chapter is ensuring your recent graduate becomes financially self-sufficient. While you may want to provide some support to help them get started, you want to balance that support with encouraging independence.
Here are some thoughtful strategies to consider.
Create a Budget
Help your graduate draft a budget that helps them plan for income and expenses.
This budget doesn’t have to be complicated or overly detailed. For example, the 50/30/20 budgeting method divides income into three categories:
- 50% for needs (housing, car payment, groceries, etc.)
- 30% for wants (dining out, shopping, entertainment)
- 20% for savings and debt repayment
Creating a budget can be an eye-opening experience for young adults who’ve never had to make their money last between paychecks.
Consider the Annual Gift Tax Exemption
If you're considering financial assistance, keep in mind that most gifts of cash or property count toward the annual gift that exemption.
For 2024, the federal gift tax exemption is $18,000 per recipient.1 This means you can give up to $18,000 to any one person in 2024 without filing a federal gift tax return or eating into your lifetime estate tax exemption. The annual exemption applies per gifter, so you and your spouse can gift up to $36,000 per recipient per year without incurring gift tax.
Indirect gifts, such as paying your recent graduate’s rent or car payments, count toward that exemption. However, exceptions exist, such as paying tuition or medical expenses directly to the school or medical provider.2
Guide Them in Building Credit
Your child’s credit impacts several aspects of their post-college life, from renting an apartment and securing a car loan to potentially influencing job opportunities.3
For recent college graduates who may not have had the opportunity or need to build credit, make sure they understand how their credit scores are calculated and the impact of credit scores on interest rates, insurance premiums and even employment opportunities.
One way to help your graduate build credit if they are unable to qualify for a traditional credit card is by helping them open a secured credit card. A secured credit card is a special type of card that requires a cash deposit. Typically, the card's spending limit is equal to that cash deposit, and that deposit acts as collateral when the cardholder makes a purchase.
Indirect gifts, such as paying your recent graduate’s rent or car payments, count toward the annual federal gift tax exemption.
You can help by gifting money for the deposit. Once they've built up their credit card, they can transition to a more traditional, unsecured credit card and get the deposit back.4
Help with a Car Purchase
In many cities, a car is more than a convenience; it's necessary to secure and maintain employment. If your graduate didn't require a vehicle during their college years, you might be contemplating purchasing one for them or assisting with a down payment.
Ensure the financial responsibility of owning a car, including insurance and maintenance, doesn't become a burden. Help them choose a vehicle that’s affordable (in terms of monthly payments, insurance and maintenance) on an entry-level salary. This helps ensure they can afford the ongoing expenses, promoting a sense of responsibility and independence.
Assist with Housing Costs
Helping a child with a down payment for a first home appeals to many parents who may have struggled to save up for a down payment on their first home. However, it's worth considering whether it's the right time for such a commitment. Your child might be better off getting a few years of career and personal growth under their belt before taking on the responsibilities of paying a mortgage, property taxes, utilities, insurance, repairs and maintenance.
Your graduate's first step toward independence might be renting an apartment. You can support this step with a security deposit or cosigning the lease. However, make sure they choose an affordable rental based on their current income.
If you decide to help them buy a home, ensure that the property, whether a modest condo or a starter home, is within their means, considering their income at this stage of life. This approach helps avoid financial strain and relieves the social pressure to "keep up" in a more affluent neighborhood.
Contribute to Retirement Savings
Educating your graduate about the importance of saving for retirement and offering financial support to kickstart their savings can have a long-lasting impact. Consider contributing to an Individual Retirement Account (IRA) and/or helping them maximize their 401(k) contributions, especially if their employer offers matching funds.
For 2024, individuals under age 50 can contribute up to $7,000 to an IRA and $23,000 to a 401(k).5
Helping your child start saving for retirement isn't just about giving them money — it's an opportunity to teach them about investing basics, such as determining their risk tolerance and understanding the benefits of compounding. This will set them on the path to long-term financial security.
Build a Professional Network
Becoming financially independent isn't just about making the right money moves. It's also about finding success in your career — and building a robust professional network is a cornerstone of that success. Networking isn’t just a strategy for finding new job opportunities; it's a powerful tool for personal and professional development, mentorship and learning.
Your graduate has likely already formed relationships with professors, classmates and alumni from their college. Teach them how to stay connected to this network through professional social media platforms, like LinkedIn, and expand their network by attending events, workshops and conferences related to their chosen career field.
Having a network is one thing; effectively utilizing it is another. Teach your graduate the importance of proactively seeking advice, requesting job references and exploring career opportunities through their network. Discuss the value of reciprocity in these relationships — offering help when they can and showing appreciation for assistance received. Networking should be viewed as a two-way street where value is both given and received.
By engaging in open discussions about budgeting, being mindful of the implications of financial gifts, and providing support in ways that promote responsibility and self-sufficiency, you can help your child build a solid foundation for their financial future. Remember, the goal is to empower them to make informed decisions and take control of their finances, ensuring a smooth transition into the next phase of their lives.
Important disclosure information
Asset allocation and diversifications do not ensure against loss. This content is general in nature and does not constitute legal, tax, accounting, financial or investment advice. You are encouraged to consult with competent legal, tax, accounting, financial or investment professionals based on your specific circumstances. We do not make any warranties as to accuracy or completeness of this information, do not endorse any third-party companies, products, or services described here, and take no liability for your use of this information.
- IRS.gov, “IRS Provides Tax Inflation Adjustments for Tax Year 2024,” updated November 27, 2023, accessed March 27, 2024. Back
- IRS.gov, “Frequently Asked Questions on Gift Taxes,” updated November 22, 2023, accessed March 27, 2024. Back
- Casey Morris, “Can You Get a Job with Bad Credit?” Experian, published November 12, 2020, accessed March 27, 2024. Back
- Equifax, "What Is a Secured Credit Card and Does It Build Credit?" accessed April 8, 2024. Back
- IRS.gov, "401(k) Limit Increases to $23,000 for 2024, IRA Limit Rises to $7,000," updated January 8, 2024, accessed April 8, 2024. Back
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